Allergies

What are allergies?

Allergies occur when the immune system reacts too strongly to something that’s normally harmless. The body mistakenly sees these substances (called allergens) as threats, releasing chemicals like histamine in response, which cause allergy symptoms.

Children may experience a variety of allergies, including:

• Respiratory allergies to pollen, mold, dust mites, or animal dander
• Food allergies to milk, eggs, peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, soy, fish, or shellfish
• Insect allergies to bee or wasp stings

Some children also react to certain medications or chemical irritants found in soaps and detergents. Understanding what triggers your child’s reaction is key to managing symptoms effectively.

What are the signs of allergies to watch for?

Allergy symptoms depend on the type of allergen and how the body reacts. Common respiratory signs include:

• Sneezing
• Runny or stuffy nose
• Itchy or watery eyes
• Coughing

Skin reactions may show up as hives, eczema, or swelling. Food allergies can cause stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea.

In severe cases (called anaphylaxis), a child may experience difficulty breathing, throat tightness, dizziness, or swelling of the face and tongue. This is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention.

How are allergies diagnosed?

To identify allergies, the Bloom Pediatrics team reviews your child’s symptoms, family history, and possible triggers.

Skin-prick tests or blood tests can help determine which substances are causing the reactions. In some cases, an elimination diet or exposure test can confirm specific food allergies.

Once they identify the triggers, the Bloom Pediatrics team can create a personalized plan to help your child feel their best.

How are allergies treated?

Allergy treatment depends on the type and severity of the allergy. Avoiding known triggers is the first step, while over-the-counter or prescription medications like antihistamines, nasal sprays, or topical creams can relieve symptoms.

Children with severe allergies may need an epinephrine auto-injector for emergencies. For long-term relief, allergen immunotherapy (allergy shots or drops) can gradually reduce sensitivity over time.

How can parents help prevent allergy flare-ups?

Keep your child’s environment clean and free of triggers by washing bedding frequently, using air filters, and keeping pets out of bedrooms. Encourage handwashing and teach your child how to recognize and avoid allergens.

With awareness, preparation, and the right care, most children can live active, healthy lives, despite their allergies. Call Bloom Pediatrics to arrange a consultation if your child has allergy symptoms or book an in-person or telehealth appointment online today.